Relationship between Cytokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Role of Pancreatic-Derived Factor, Interleukin-37, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

Adel Abdel-Moneim; Rania Mahmoud; Gamal Allam; Basant Mahmoud

doi:10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z

Relationship between Cytokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Role of Pancreatic-Derived Factor, Interleukin-37, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

Indian J Clin Biochem. 2024 Jan;39(1):37-46. doi: 10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z. Epub 2022 Sep 6.

Authors

Adel Abdel-Moneim¹, Rania Mahmoud², Gamal Allam³, Basant Mahmoud²

Affiliations

¹ Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. Salah Salem St, 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt.
² Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
³ Immunology Section, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

PMID: 38223016
PMCID: PMC10784435 (available on 2025-01-01)
DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health issue that affects people all over the world. Notably, insulin resistance, prothrombotic activity, and inflammatory state are associated with MetS. This study aims to explore the relationship between cytokines and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), pancreatic-derived factor (PANDER), and interleukin (IL-)-37 and the accumulation of MetS components. Eligible participants were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, patients with dyslipidemia; group 2, patients with dyslipidemia and obesity; group 3, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension; and group 4, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. This study exhibited that serum levels of TNF-α and PANDER were significantly elevated (P < 0.001) in the MetS groups, while IL-37 level and IL-37 mRNA expression were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) relative to healthy controls. Moreover, this study has revealed significant correlations (P < 0.001) between MetS components and TNF-α, PANDER, and IL-37 levels in MetS patients. The aforementioned results suggested the association between the proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and PANDER) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-37) with the accumulation of MetS components. Hence, the overall outcome indicated that PANDER and IL-37 may be considered novel biomarkers associated with increased risk of MetS and can be used as a promising therapeutic target in preventing, ameliorating, and treating metabolic disorders.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z.

Keywords: Interleukin-37; Metabolic syndrome components; Pancreatic-derived factor; Tumor necrosis factor-α.

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