Theodor Hartigs aphid and scale insect type specimens have been presumed lost or destroyed for the last 140 years. Here we document their discovery at the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (Zoologische Staatssammlung Mnchen, ZSM), in Munich, Germany. These specimens include primary types for 24 aphid, three adelgid, and two armored scale insect species named by Hartig between 1834 and 1851, as well as other specimens of unknown importance.