Unveiling the Effects of Left Hemispheric Intracerebral Hemorrhage on Long-term Potentiation and Inflammation in the Bilateral Hippocampus: A Preclinical Study

Shima Shirzad; Mitra Tayaranian Marvian; Arman Abroumand Gholami; Mohamad Ghrehbaghi; Narges Marefati; Hossein Salmani; Vahid Mahdavizade; Mahmoud Hosseini; Farzaneh Vafaee

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107523

Unveiling the Effects of Left Hemispheric Intracerebral Hemorrhage on Long-term Potentiation and Inflammation in the Bilateral Hippocampus: A Preclinical Study

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2024 Feb;33(2):107523. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107523. Epub 2024 Jan 10.

Authors

Shima Shirzad¹, Mitra Tayaranian Marvian², Arman Abroumand Gholami³, Mohamad Ghrehbaghi⁴, Narges Marefati⁵, Hossein Salmani⁶, Vahid Mahdavizade⁷, Mahmoud Hosseini⁸, Farzaneh Vafaee⁹

Affiliations

¹ Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
² Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
³ Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁴ Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁵ Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
⁷ Student Research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁸ Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: HosseiniM@mums.ac.ir.
⁹ Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: VafaeeBF@mums.ac.ir.

PMID: 38198945
DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107523

Abstract

Objective: Changes in cognition and memory are common complications of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), although the exact cause of this phenomenon is still unknown. The objectives of our project were to assess the changes in long-term potentiation, inflammation, and cell damage in the bilateral hippocampus following striatal intracerebral hemorrhage at different time points.

Materials and methods: Unilateral ICH was induced in the striatum of 96 Wistar rats (6 control groups and 6 ICH groups). We measured changes in synaptic inputs in the bilateral hippocampus using the field potential recording method on days 3, 7, and 14 after ICH. After staining the section with hematoxylin, the volume and number of hippocampal cells were measured. The number of NF-κB positive cells was evaluated using the immunohistochemistry method.

Results: There was a significant change in the amplitude and slope of the hippocampal excitatory potential in the ICH group compared to the sham group, but only on the 7th day after surgery. Specifically, the ipsilateral hippocampus in the ICH-7 group showed an increase in stimulation recording in 90 minutes compared to the sham-7 group (p<0.0001), while the contralateral hippocampus in the ICH-7 group exhibited a decrease in potential recording compared to the sham-7 group (p<0.0001). By day 14, the ICH group had a lower cell density in both the ipsilateral (p<0.05) and contralateral hippocampus (p<0.05) compared to the sham group, but there was no significant change in the hippocampal volume between the groups at any time interval. Furthermore, our immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the number of NF-kB-positive cells in both hemispheres of the ICH groups was significantly greater than that of the sham groups across all time intervals.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that striatal injury may lead to inflammation and cell death in the bilateral hippocampus, which can impair cognitive function after ICH.

Keywords: Action potentials; Cognition; Neuroinflammation; Striatum.

MeSH terms

Animals
Cerebral Hemorrhage*
Hippocampus / metabolism
Inflammation / etiology
Inflammation / metabolism
Long-Term Potentiation*
Rats
Rats, Wistar