Shrinking lung syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: A study of 9 patients

Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Apr 12;162(7):350-353. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.10.023. Epub 2024 Jan 8.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: Shrinking lung syndrome (SLS) is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Our aim was to describe the clinical, radiological, and functional characteristics of a cohort with SLS and its evolution over time.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2009 and 2018. Demographic, clinical, functional, radiological, and treatment data were collected.

Results: Out of a total of 225 patients, 11 presented with SLS (prevalence of 4.8%). Two patients were excluded. The mean age was 39.33±16 years, and 6 were female. The main symptoms were dyspnea and pleuritic pain. The mean forced vital capacity was 49%, total lung capacity was 60%, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity was 66%, carbon monoxide transference factor was 128%, maximal inspiratory pressure was 66%, and maximal expiratory pressure was 82%. All patients received corticosteroids. After a median follow-up of 19 months, 4 cases showed improvement, and 4 cases remained stable.

Conclusions: SLS should be considered in every lupus patient with unexplained dyspnea. Although it often shows improvement, many cases experience persistent deterioration despite treatment.

Keywords: Enfermedad pulmonar restrictiva; Lupus eritematoso sistémico; Restrictive lung disease; Shrinking lung syndrome; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Síndrome de pulmón encogido.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Carbon Monoxide / therapeutic use
  • Digestive System Diseases*
  • Dyspnea / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscular Diseases*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Syndrome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Carbon Monoxide