A parasitic patch loaded staircase shaped UWB MIMO antenna having notch band for WBAN applications

Tanvir Islam; Esraa Mousa Ali; Wahaj Abbas Awan; Mohammed S Alzaidi; Thamer A H Alghamdi; Moath Alathbah

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23711

A parasitic patch loaded staircase shaped UWB MIMO antenna having notch band for WBAN applications

Heliyon. 2023 Dec 17;10(1):e23711. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23711. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.

Authors

Tanvir Islam¹, Esraa Mousa Ali², Wahaj Abbas Awan³, Mohammed S Alzaidi⁴, Thamer A H Alghamdi⁵, Moath Alathbah⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
² Faculty of Aviation Sciences, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan.
³ Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea.
⁴ Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Wolfson Centre for Magnetics, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.
⁶ Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

A staircase-shaped quasi-fractal antenna is presented to meet the requirements of compact electronics operating in UWB or E-UWB spectrum. A conventional broadband monopole antenna is converted into UWB antenna utilizing three iterations of fractal patches. The resultant antenna offers wide impedance bandwidth ranges 2.3-17.8 GHz, having a notch band at 6.1-7.2 GHz. Afterwards, a two-port MIMO antenna is created by placing the second element orthogonally with an edge-to-edge distance of 8.5 mm, that is λ/15 where λ corresponds to free space wavelength at the lowest cut-off frequency. Hereafter, a meandered line-shaped stub is inserted to reduce the mutual coupling between closely spaced MIMO elements to less than -25 dB. As the intended application of the proposed work is On-body, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analyses are carried out at 2.4, 5.8 and 8 GHz, showing an acceptable range for both 1-g and 10-g averaged tissues standards. Moreover, various parameters of the MIMO antenna are studied, and a comparison is made between simulated and measured results as well as those of the state of the art.

Keywords: Body area network; MIMO; Notch band; Staircase antenna; UWB.