Caspase cleavage of RIPK3 after Asp333 is dispensable for mouse embryogenesis

Cell Death Differ. 2024 Feb;31(2):254-262. doi: 10.1038/s41418-023-01255-5. Epub 2024 Jan 8.

Abstract

The proteolytic activity of caspase-8 suppresses lethal RIPK1-, RIPK3- and MLKL-dependent necroptosis during mouse embryogenesis. Caspase-8 is reported to cleave RIPK3 in addition to the RIPK3-interacting kinase RIPK1, but whether cleavage of RIPK3 is crucial for necroptosis suppression is unclear. Here we show that caspase-8-driven cleavage of endogenous mouse RIPK3 after Asp333 is dependent on downstream caspase-3. Consistent with RIPK3 cleavage being a consequence of apoptosis rather than a critical brake on necroptosis, Ripk3D333A/D333A knock-in mice lacking the Asp333 cleavage site are viable and develop normally. Moreover, in contrast to mice lacking caspase-8 in their intestinal epithelial cells, Ripk3D333A/D333A mice do not exhibit increased sensitivity to high dose tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Ripk3D333A/D333A macrophages died at the same rate as wild-type (WT) macrophages in response to TNF plus cycloheximide, TNF plus emricasan, or infection with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) lacking M36 and M45 to inhibit caspase-8 and RIPK3 activation, respectively. We conclude that caspase cleavage of RIPK3 is dispensable for mouse development, and that cleavage of caspase-8 substrates, including RIPK1, is sufficient to prevent necroptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Caspase 8 / genetics
  • Caspase 8 / metabolism
  • Caspases*
  • Embryonic Development
  • Mice
  • Protein Kinases* / genetics
  • Protein Kinases* / metabolism
  • Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology

Substances

  • Caspase 8
  • Caspases
  • Protein Kinases
  • Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Ripk3 protein, mouse