Efficient extraction of pectic polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits by deep eutectic solvent-based methods: Chemical structures and bioactivities

Ding-Tao Wu; Jin-Lei Geng; Jie Li; Wen Deng; Yao Zhang; Yi-Chen Hu; Liang Zou; Yu Xia; Qi-Guo Zhuang; Hong-Yan Liu; Ren-You Gan

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101083

Efficient extraction of pectic polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits by deep eutectic solvent-based methods: Chemical structures and bioactivities

Food Chem X. 2023 Dec 17:21:101083. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101083. eCollection 2024 Mar 30.

Authors

Ding-Tao Wu¹, Jin-Lei Geng^{1

2}, Jie Li¹, Wen Deng^{1

2}, Yao Zhang³, Yi-Chen Hu¹, Liang Zou¹, Yu Xia², Qi-Guo Zhuang³, Hong-Yan Liu², Ren-You Gan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China.
² Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China.
³ China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China.
⁴ Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore.

Abstract

To promote the potentially industrial applications of thinned unripe kiwifruits, two deep eutectic solvent-based methods, including deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction (DAE) and microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (MDE), were optimized for the extraction of polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits (YKP). Results showed that the yields of YKP-D prepared by DAE and YKP-DM prepared by MDE were extremely higher than YKP-H prepared by hot water extraction. Furthermore, YKP-H, YKP-D, and YKP-DM were mainly composed of pectic polysaccharides, including homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) domains. Besides, both YKP-D and YKP-DM exhibited stronger antioxidant, anti-glycosylation, and immunomodulatory effects than those of YKP-H, and their higher contents of uronic acids and bound polyphenols as well as lower molecular weights could partially contribute to their bioactivities. Overall, these results revealed that the developed MDE method could be utilized as a promising method for highly efficient extraction of YKP with superior beneficial effects.

Keywords: Biological function; Deep eutectic solvent; Pectic polysaccharide; Structural feature; Thinned young kiwifruit.