Temporal cytokine storm dynamics in dengue infection predicts severity

Puneet Bhatt; Muralidhar Varma; Vikas Sood; Anoop Ambikan; Anup Jayaram; Naren Babu; Soham Gupta; Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay; Ujjwal Neogi

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199306

Temporal cytokine storm dynamics in dengue infection predicts severity

Virus Res. 2024 Mar:341:199306. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199306. Epub 2024 Jan 6.

Authors

Puneet Bhatt¹, Muralidhar Varma², Vikas Sood³, Anoop Ambikan⁴, Anup Jayaram¹, Naren Babu¹, Soham Gupta⁴, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay⁵, Ujjwal Neogi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
² Dept of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
³ The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India.
⁴ The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁵ Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Center for Emerging and Tropical Diseases, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: chiranjay.m@manipal.edu.
⁶ Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: ujjwal.neogi@ki.se.

Abstract

The immunopathogenesis of dengue severity is convoluted. The primary objective of the research was to examine the dynamics of cytokine storm and its correlation with disease development in individuals affected by DENV infection. Additionally, the study aimed to discover potential biomarkers that could indicate severe dengue infection and determine the most suitable timeframe for predicting the severity of these biomarkers during the acute stage of dengue infections. We conducted a temporal analysis of the daily viral load and cytokine levels in 60 hospitalized dengue patients until discharge. Our findings reveal a distinct cytokine profile (elevated IL-8, IL-10, IL-6, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-13, and IL-4 and decreased IL-12, MIP-1β) on the third day after symptom onset is predictive of severe dengue in secondary dengue infection. The imbalanced cytokine signature may inform clinical decision-making in treating severe dengue infections.

Keywords: Cytokine storm; Dengue severity; Temporal Analysis.

MeSH terms

Biomarkers
Cytokine Release Syndrome
Cytokines
Dengue Virus*
Dengue*
Humans
Severe Dengue*

Substances

Cytokines
Biomarkers