Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and MXene reinforced multifunctional conductive hydrogels for multimodal sensors and flexible supercapacitors

Hongyan Yin; Fangfei Liu; Tursun Abdiryim; Jiaying Chen; Xiong Liu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121677

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and MXene reinforced multifunctional conductive hydrogels for multimodal sensors and flexible supercapacitors

Carbohydr Polym. 2024 Mar 1:327:121677. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121677. Epub 2023 Dec 12.

Authors

Hongyan Yin¹, Fangfei Liu², Tursun Abdiryim¹, Jiaying Chen¹, Xiong Liu³

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
² State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China. Electronic address: liufangfei1214@163.com.
³ State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China. Electronic address: liuxiong@xju.edu.cn.

PMID: 38171688
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121677

Abstract

With the growing demand for eco-friendly materials in wearable smart electronic devices, renewable, biocompatible, and low-cost hydrogels based on natural polymers have attracted much attention. Cellulose, as one of the renewable and degradable natural polymers, shows great potential in wearable smart electronic devices. Multifunctional conductive cellulose-based hydrogels are designed for flexible electronic devices by adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and MXene into polyacrylic acid networks. The multifunctional hydrogels possess excellent mechanical property (stress: 310 kPa; strain: 1127 %), toughness (206.67 KJ m^-3), conductivity (1.09 ± 0.12 S m^-1) and adhesion (82.19 ± 3.65 kPa). The multifunctional conductive hydrogels serve as strain sensors (Gauge Factor (GF) = 5.79, 0-700 % strain; GF = 14.0, 700-900 % strain; GF = 40.36, 900-1000 % strain; response time: 300 ms; recovery time: 200 ms) and temperature sensors (Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) = 2.5755 °C^-1 at 35 °C- 60 °C). The sensor detects human activities with clear and steady signals. A distributed array of flexible sensors is created to measure the magnitude and distribution of pressure and a hydrogel-based flexible touch keyboard is also fabricated to recognize writing trajectories, pressures and speeds. Furthermore, a flexible hydrogel-based supercapacitor powers the LED and exhibits good cyclic stability over 15,000 charge-discharge cycles.

Keywords: Conductive hydrogels; Flexible supercapacitors; MXene; Multimodal sensors; Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.