Multiomics insights on the onset, progression, and metastatic evolution of breast cancer

Lucia Alvarez-Frutos; Daniel Barriuso; Mercedes Duran; Mar Infante; Guido Kroemer; Roberto Palacios-Ramirez; Laura Senovilla

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1292046

Multiomics insights on the onset, progression, and metastatic evolution of breast cancer

Front Oncol. 2023 Dec 19:13:1292046. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1292046. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Lucia Alvarez-Frutos¹, Daniel Barriuso¹, Mercedes Duran², Mar Infante², Guido Kroemer^{3

4

5}, Roberto Palacios-Ramirez¹, Laura Senovilla^{1

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunosurveillance, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid - Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain.
² Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Cancer, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid - Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain.
³ Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
⁴ Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
⁵ Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women. Despite progress to date, 700,000 women worldwide died of this disease in 2020. Apparently, the prognostic markers currently used in the clinic are not sufficient to determine the most appropriate treatment. For this reason, great efforts have been made in recent years to identify new molecular biomarkers that will allow more precise and personalized therapeutic decisions in both primary and recurrent breast cancers. These molecular biomarkers include genetic and post-transcriptional alterations, changes in protein expression, as well as metabolic, immunological or microbial changes identified by multiple omics technologies (e.g., genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, immunomics and microbiomics). This review summarizes studies based on omics analysis that have identified new biomarkers for diagnosis, patient stratification, differentiation between stages of tumor development (initiation, progression, and metastasis/recurrence), and their relevance for treatment selection. Furthermore, this review highlights the importance of clinical trials based on multiomics studies and the need to advance in this direction in order to establish personalized therapies and prolong disease-free survival of these patients in the future.

Keywords: biomarkers; breast cancer; cancer progression; early-stage; metastasis; omics.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. LS is supported by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI (grant number PID2021-126426OB-I00), the Strategic Program from the Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM) of Valladolid (CCVC8485) and the Internationalization Project of the Unit of Excellence IBGM of Valladolid from the Junta de Castilla y León (CL-EI-2021 IBGM), the Institut National du Cancer (INCa, PLBIO2022-093), as well as the “Beatriz Galindo” Program from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. GK is supported by the Ligue contre le Cancer (équipe labellisée); Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – Projets blancs; AMMICa US23/CNRS UMS3655; Association pour la recherche sur le cancer (ARC); Cancéropôle Ile-de-France; European Research Council Advanced Investigator Grand “ICD-Cancer”, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM); a donation by Elior; Equipex Onco-Pheno-Screen; European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJPRD); European Research Council (ICD-Cancer), European Union Horizon 2020 Projects Oncobiome and Crimson; Fondation Carrefour; Institut National du Cancer (INCa); Institut Universitaire de France; LabEx Immuno-Oncology (ANR-18-IDEX-0001); a Cancer Research ASPIRE Award from the Mark Foundation; the RHU Immunolife; Seerave Foundation; SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE); and SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM). This study contributes to the IdEx Université de Paris ANR-18-IDEX-0001. LA-F holds a predoctoral fellowship from the Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC). DB and RPR are supported by the University of Valladolid.