Biochemical changes, antioxidative profile, and efficacy of the bio-stimulant in plant defense response against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.)

Sunil Kumar; Vaishali Shukla; Yashoda Nandan Tripathi; Mohd Aamir; Kumari Divyanshu; Mukesh Yadav; Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23030

Biochemical changes, antioxidative profile, and efficacy of the bio-stimulant in plant defense response against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.)

Heliyon. 2023 Nov 29;10(1):e23030. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23030. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.

Authors

Sunil Kumar^{1

2}, Vaishali Shukla¹, Yashoda Nandan Tripathi¹, Mohd Aamir^{1

3}, Kumari Divyanshu¹, Mukesh Yadav¹, Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay¹

Affiliations

¹ Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751029, Odisha, India.
³ Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.

Abstract

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a highly destructive pathogen with widespread impact on common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. In this work, we investigated the efficacy of microbial consortia in bolstering host defense against sclerotinia rot. Specifically, we evaluated the performance of a microbial consortia comprising of Trichoderma erinaceum (T51) and Trichoderma viride (T52) (referred to as the T4 treatment) in terms of biochemical parameters, alleviation of the ROS induced cellular toxicity, membrane integrity (measured as MDA content), nutrient profiling, and the host defense-related antioxidative enzyme activities. Our findings demonstrate a notable enhancement in thiamine content, exhibiting 1.887 and 1.513-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment (only S. sclerotiorum treated). Similarly, the total proline content exhibited 3.46 and 1.24-fold higher and the total phenol content was 4.083 and 2.625-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment, respectively. Likewise, a general trend was found for other antioxidative and non-oxidative enzyme activities. However, results found were approximately similar in T2 treatment (bioprimed with T51) or T3 treatments (bioprimed with T52). Further, host defense attribute (survival rate) under the pathogen challenged condition was maximum in the T4 (15.55 % disease incidence) compared to others. Therefore, bio priming with consortia could be useful in reducing the economic losses incited by S. sclerotiorum in common beans.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Biocontrol agents: Trichoderma erinaceum; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Plant defense; ROS induced cellular toxicity; Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum; Trichoderma viride.