Antibody responses after BNT162b2 vaccination in Japanese geriatric intermediate care facilities

Asae Suita; Satoko Ohfuji; Ayane Kasamatsu; Kyoko Kondo; Hiroyuki Nakata; Tetsuya Kita; Akifumi Deguchi; Mikio Fujimoto; Kazuko Iba; Hideki Sakamoto; Kaori Iwasaka; Noboru Sakamoto; Hikaru Sakamoto; Yoshiko Yodoi; Yasutoshi Kido; Yu Nakagama; Ayako Konishi; Emiko Mukai; Kazuhiro Matsumoto; Tomoka Matsuura; Tetsuo Kase; Hiroshi Kakeya; Wakaba Fukushima; Yoshio Hirota

doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100412

Antibody responses after BNT162b2 vaccination in Japanese geriatric intermediate care facilities

Vaccine X. 2023 Nov 22:15:100412. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100412. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Authors

Asae Suita¹, Satoko Ohfuji^{1

2}, Ayane Kasamatsu¹, Kyoko Kondo³, Hiroyuki Nakata⁴, Tetsuya Kita⁵, Akifumi Deguchi⁶, Mikio Fujimoto⁷, Kazuko Iba⁸, Hideki Sakamoto⁹, Kaori Iwasaka¹⁰, Noboru Sakamoto¹¹, Hikaru Sakamoto¹¹, Yoshiko Yodoi¹², Yasutoshi Kido^{2

13}, Yu Nakagama^{2

13}, Ayako Konishi¹, Emiko Mukai¹, Kazuhiro Matsumoto¹, Tomoka Matsuura^{1

2}, Tetsuo Kase^{1

2}, Hiroshi Kakeya^{2

14}, Wakaba Fukushima^{1

2}, Yoshio Hirota¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
² Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
³ Management Bureau, Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital, 1-5-7, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8586, Japan.
⁴ Keai Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 112, Hara, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-1051, Japan.
⁵ Yuai Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 2-2-58, Tsukuda, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 555-0001, Japan.
⁶ Kouseien Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 3-1-16, Imafuku-Nishi, Joto-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 536-0004, Japan.
⁷ Tamagushi-sumire-en Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 3-2-3, Tamagushicho-Nishi, HigashiOsaka-city, Osaka 578-0934, Japan.
⁸ Tsukumo Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 4-7-2, Tsukumodai, Suita-city, Osaka 565-0862, Japan.
⁹ Sayamanosato Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 2-185-11, Iwamuro, Osakasayama city 589-0032, Japan.
¹⁰ Sakuragawa Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 4-10-13, Sakuragawa, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 556-0022, Japan.
¹¹ Yukyuen Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 5-1, Yamatake, Yao-city, Osaka 581-0864, Japan.
¹² Kuwanomi Long-Term Care Health Facility for the Elderly, 4-4-5, Kuwadu, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 546-0041, Japan.
¹³ Department of Parasitology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Infection Control, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
¹⁵ Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Medical Co. LTA (SOUSEIKAI), 3-6-1, Kashii-Teriha, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate antibody responses against the primary series of vaccination of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2] vaccines in the staff and residents of Japanese geriatric intermediate care facilities.

Methods: All subjects (159 staff and 96 residents) received two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine 3 weeks apart. Baseline data of subject were collected using a structured form. Serum samples were collected three times: before vaccination, 3 weeks after the first dose, and 4 weeks after the second dose, and anti-receptor binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 [anti-RBD] IgG was measured using two immunoassays.

Results: After the second dose, geometric mean titers [GMT] of anti-RBD with both the Abbott and Roche assay were significantly lower in residents than staff (2282 AU/mL vs. 8505 AU/mL, and 258 U/mL vs. 948 U/mL, respectively). Multivariate analysis of characteristics affecting antibody responses (≥1280 AU/mL for Abbott and > 210 U/mL for Roche) showed lower odds ratios [ORs] for older age (adjusted OR per 10 year increase [aOR] = 0.62, 95 % confidence interval [95 %CI]; 0.38-1.02), steroid usage (aOR = 0.09, 95 %CI; 0.01-0.60) and regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] usage (aOR = 0.16, 95 %CI; 0.03-0.88).

Conclusions: Elderly people and steroid and NSAID users had lower antibody responses following the second vaccine dose.

Keywords: BNT162b2; COVID-19; Elderly; Healthcare worker; Immunogenicity; Long-term care facility.