Thermal degradation of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. Capitata f. rubra) anthocyanins in a water model extract under accelerated shelf-life testing

Food Chem. 2024 May 15:440:138272. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138272. Epub 2023 Dec 23.

Abstract

Red cabbage (RC) represents a source of anthocyanins acylated with hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) that are described to enhance their stability. Nevertheless, data about their thermal degradation are still controversial. Our aim was to comprehensively analyse the degradation kinetics of individual RC anthocyanins in a model aqueous extract treated at 40 °C × 30 days to simulate severe but realistic storage conditions. Free anthocyanins and radical-scavenging capacity showed different kinetics. The results confirm the high stability of RC anthocyanins (t1/2: 16.4-18.4 days), although HPLC analyses of each molecule displayed distinct kinetics with t1/2 from 12.6 to 35.1 days. In particular, the sinapoyl acylation negatively affected the stability of the anthocyanins, while the forms monoacylated with glycosyl p-coumaric and ferulic acids exhibited higher stability. In conclusion, our results indicate that acylation is not a prerogative of stability, as this is instead more dependent on specific acylation patterns and the glycosylation of HCA.

Keywords: Acylated anthocyanins; Antioxidant; Degradation kinetics; HPLC; Hydroxycinnamic acids; Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. Capitata f. rubra); Thermal stability; accelerated shelf-life testing (ASLT).

MeSH terms

  • Acylation
  • Anthocyanins* / metabolism
  • Brassica* / metabolism
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods

Substances

  • Anthocyanins