Does ergogenic effect of caffeine supplementation depend on CYP1A2 genotypes? A systematic review with meta-analysis

Jieping Wang; Luthfia Dewi; Yundong Peng; Chien-Wen Hou; Yanmin Song; Giancarlo Condello

doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2023.12.005

Does ergogenic effect of caffeine supplementation depend on CYP1A2 genotypes? A systematic review with meta-analysis

J Sport Health Sci. 2023 Dec 28:S2095-2546(23)00131-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.12.005. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jieping Wang¹, Luthfia Dewi², Yundong Peng³, Chien-Wen Hou⁴, Yanmin Song⁵, Giancarlo Condello⁶

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Tianmu Campus, Taipei 11153, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
² Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Tianmu Campus, Taipei 11153, China; Department of Nutrition, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang 50273, Indonesia.
³ School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 10084, China.
⁴ Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Tianmu Campus, Taipei 11153, China.
⁵ Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. Electronic address: csuxysym@csu.edu.cn.
⁶ Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy.

PMID: 38158179
DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.12.005

Abstract

Background: The ergogenic effects of caffeine intake on exercise performance are well-established, even if differences exist among individuals in response to caffeine intake. The genetic variation of a specific gene, human cytochrome P450 enzyme 1A2 (CYP1A2) (rs762551), may be one reason for this difference. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the influence of CYP1A2 gene types on athletes' exercise performance after caffeine intake.

Methods: A literature search through 4 databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) was conducted until March 2023. The effect size was expressed as the weighted mean difference (WMD) by calculating fixed effects meta-analysis if heterogeneity was not significant (I² ≤ 50% and p ≥ 0.1). Subgroup analyses were performed based on AA and AC/CC genotype of CYP1A2.

Results: The final number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria was 12 (n = 666 participants). The overall analysis showed that the cycling time trial significantly improved after caffeine intake (WMD = -0.48, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.83 to -0.13, p = 0.007). In subgroup analyses, acute caffeine intake improved cycling time trial only in individuals with the A allele (WMD = -0.90, 95%CI: -1.48 to -0.33, p = 0.002), but not the C allele (WMD = -0.08, 95%CI: -0.32 to 0.17, p = 0.53). Caffeine supplementation did not influence the Wingate (WMD = 8.07, 95%CI: -22.04 to 38.18, p = 0.60) or countermovement jump test (CMJ) performance (WMD = 1.17, 95%CI: -0.02 to 2.36, p = 0.05), and these outcomes were not influenced by CYP1A2 genotype.

Conclusion: Participants with the CYP1A2 genotype with A allele improved their cycling time trials after caffeine supplementation. However, compared to placebo, acute caffeine supplementation failed to increase the Wingate or CMJ performance, regardless of CYP1A2 genotype.

Keywords: Countermovement jump test; Endurance; Ergogenic aid; Gene polymorphism; Wingate.

Publication types

Review