Residues of non-phthalate plasticizers in seawater and sediments from Osaka Bay, Japan

Miho Nomura; Hideo Okamura; Yoshifumi Horie; Mohammad Pramono Hadi; Andhika Puspito Nugroho; Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy; Hiroya Harino; Takeshi Nakano

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115947

Residues of non-phthalate plasticizers in seawater and sediments from Osaka Bay, Japan

Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Feb:199:115947. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115947. Epub 2023 Dec 28.

Authors

Miho Nomura¹, Hideo Okamura², Yoshifumi Horie³, Mohammad Pramono Hadi⁴, Andhika Puspito Nugroho⁵, Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy⁶, Hiroya Harino⁷, Takeshi Nakano¹

Affiliations

¹ Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan.
² Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan. Electronic address: okamurah@maritime.kobe-u.ac.jp.
³ Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan.
⁴ Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kaliurang, Sekip Utara, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
⁵ Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, JL. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Sleman 55281, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
⁶ Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.
⁷ School of Human Sciences, Kobe College, 4-1 Okadayama, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 662-8505, Japan.

PMID: 38157830
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115947

Abstract

NPPs (Non-phthalate plasticizers) are used as alternative plasticizers to phthalate esters, but there is limited knowledge on environmental residues, and they have not been reported in Japan. A method to analyze NPPs in seawater using solid-phase extraction was developed, and the residual burden of Diisobutyl adipate (DIBA), Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DEHS) and Trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM) in seawater and sediment from the Osaka Bay was measured. Using an Oasis Max column and acetone as the eluting solvent, the recovery of the target substances in seawater is >68 %. In Osaka Bay, no NPPs were detected in seawater. On the other hand, ATBC and TOTM were detected in the sediment at 36-69 ng/g and 47-131 ng/g, respectively, from about half of the 14 sites, while DEHA and DEHS were detected at 83 ng/g and 181 ng/g, respectively, from only one site.

Keywords: Acetyl tributyl citrate; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate; Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; Solid-phase extraction; Trioctyl trimellitate.

MeSH terms

Adipates / analysis
Bays
Benzoates*
Citrates*
Japan
Phthalic Acids* / analysis
Plasticizers* / analysis
Seawater
Succinimides*

Substances

Plasticizers
dioctyl adipate
trioctyl trimellitate
N-(3-pyridyl)-3-phenylsuccinimide
Phthalic Acids
Adipates
2-acetyltributylcitrate
Benzoates
Citrates
Succinimides