Endogenous and microbial biomarkers for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Dec 5:14:1292596. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1292596. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

It has been well documented that there is a two-way relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Diabetes mellitus represents an established risk factor for chronic periodontitis. Conversely, chronic periodontitis adversely modulates serum glucose levels in diabetic patients. Activated immune and inflammatory responses are noted during diabetes and periodontitis, under the modulation of similar biological mediators. These activated responses result in increased activity of certain immune-inflammatory mediators including adipokines and microRNAs in diabetic patients with periodontal disease. Notably, certain microbes in the oral cavity were identified to be involved in the occurrence of diabetes and periodontitis. In other words, these immune-inflammatory mediators and microbes may potentially serve as biomarkers for risk assessment and therapy selection in diabetes and periodontitis. In this review, we briefly provide an updated overview on different potential biomarkers, providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic insights on periodontal complications and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: adipokines; biomarkers; diabetes mellitus; microRNAs; oral microbiome; periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers
  • Chronic Periodontitis* / complications
  • Chronic Periodontitis* / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Inflammation Mediators

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515010237 and 2019A1515110128); Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund (No.SZXK039); Special Fund for Science and Technology Development of Longgang District, Shenzhen (LGKCYLWS2021000031 and LGWJ2021-116).