GIPC1 regulates MACC1-driven metastasis

Franziska Siegel; Hannes Schmidt; Manisha Juneja; Janice Smith; Pia Herrmann; Dennis Kobelt; Kamal Sharma; Iduna Fichtner; Wolfgang Walther; Gunnar Dittmar; Rudolf Volkmer; Fritz G Rathjen; Peter M Schlag; Ulrike Stein

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1280977

GIPC1 regulates MACC1-driven metastasis

Front Oncol. 2023 Dec 8:13:1280977. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1280977. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Franziska Siegel^#¹, Hannes Schmidt^#², Manisha Juneja¹, Janice Smith¹, Pia Herrmann¹, Dennis Kobelt^{1

3}, Kamal Sharma², Iduna Fichtner⁴, Wolfgang Walther¹, Gunnar Dittmar⁵, Rudolf Volkmer⁶, Fritz G Rathjen², Peter M Schlag⁷, Ulrike Stein^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
² Department Developmental Neurobiology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
³ German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴ Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology, GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Department Mass Spectrometry, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
⁶ Institute for Medicinal Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
⁷ Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Berlin, Germany.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Identification of cancer metastasis-relevant molecular networks is desired to provide the basis for understanding and developing intervention strategies. Here we address the role of GIPC1 in the process of MACC1-driven metastasis. MACC1 is a prognostic indicator for patient metastasis formation and metastasis-free survival. MACC1 controls gene transcription, promotes motility, invasion and proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro, and causes tumor growth and metastasis in mice.

Methods: By using yeast-two-hybrid assay, mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation and peptide array we analyzed GIPC1 protein binding partners, by using the MACC1 gene promoter and chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay we probed for GIPC1 as transcription factor. We employed GIPC1/MACC1-manipulated cell lines for in vitro and in vivo analyses, and we probed the GIPC1/MACC1 impact using human primary colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue.

Results: We identified MACC1 and its paralogue SH3BP4 as protein binding partners of the protein GIPC1, and we also demonstrated the binding of GIPC1 as transcription factor to the MACC1 promoter (TSS to -60 bp). GIPC1 knockdown reduced endogenous, but not CMV promoter-driven MACC1 expression, and diminished MACC1-induced cell migration and invasion. GIPC1 suppression reduced tumor growth and metastasis in mice intrasplenically transplanted with MACC1-overexpressing CRC cells. In human primary CRC specimens, GIPC1 correlates with MACC1 expression and is of prognostic value for metastasis formation and metastasis-free survival. Combination of MACC1 and GIPC1 expression improved patient survival prognosis, whereas SH3BP4 expression did not show any prognostic value.

Conclusions: We identified an important, dual function of GIPC1 - as protein interaction partner and as transcription factor of MACC1 - for tumor progression and cancer metastasis.

Keywords: GIPC1; MACC1; patient survival prognosis; protein-protein interaction; transcription factor.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by grants from the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (C09/05 to US, PS, HS, FR), by a fellowship from the Helmholtz Graduate School “Molecular Cell Biology” (to MJ), and by the German Cancer Consortium (to US).