Case-Control Study of the Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Genes Involved in Xenobiotic Detoxification and Antioxidant Protection with the Long-Term Influence of Organochlorine Pesticides on the Population of the Almaty Region

Nazym Altynova; Ozada Khamdiyeva; Aleksandr Garshin; Gulminyam Baratzhanova; Almira Amirgaliyeva; Akerke Seisenbayeva; Gulnar Abylkassymova; Kanagat Yergali; Anar Tolebaeva; Liliya Skvortsova; Gulnur Zhunussova; Bakhytzhan Bekmanov; Céline Cakir-Kiefer; Leyla Djansugurova

doi:10.3390/toxics11120948

Case-Control Study of the Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Genes Involved in Xenobiotic Detoxification and Antioxidant Protection with the Long-Term Influence of Organochlorine Pesticides on the Population of the Almaty Region

Toxics. 2023 Nov 21;11(12):948. doi: 10.3390/toxics11120948.

Authors

Nazym Altynova^{1

2}, Ozada Khamdiyeva¹, Aleksandr Garshin^{1

2}, Gulminyam Baratzhanova^{1

2

3}, Almira Amirgaliyeva¹, Akerke Seisenbayeva¹, Gulnar Abylkassymova¹, Kanagat Yergali¹, Anar Tolebaeva¹, Liliya Skvortsova¹, Gulnur Zhunussova¹, Bakhytzhan Bekmanov^{1

2}, Céline Cakir-Kiefer³, Leyla Djansugurova^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan.
² Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
³ INRAE, UR AFPA, USC 340, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France.

Abstract

The association of genetic polymorphisms with the individual sensitivity of humans to the action of pesticide pollution is being actively studied in the world. The aim of this study was a molecular epidemiological analysis of candidate polymorphisms of genes involved in pesticide metabolism, detoxification, and antioxidant protection. Some of the selected polymorphisms also relate to susceptibility to cancer and cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune system diseases in individuals exposed to pesticides for a long time. For a case-control study of a unique cohort of people exposed to organochlorine pesticides for 10 years or more were chosen, a control cohort was selected that matched with the experimental group by the main population characteristics. PCR-PRLF and genome-wide microarray genotyping (GWAS) methods were used. We identified 17 polymorphisms of xenobiotic detoxification genes and 27 polymorphisms of antioxidant defense genes, which had a significantly high statistical association with the negative impact of chronic pesticide intoxication on human health. We also found 17 polymorphisms of xenobiotic detoxification genes and 12 polymorphisms of antioxidant defense genes that have a protective effect. Data obtained added to the list of potential polymorphisms that define a group at high risk or resistant to the negative effects of pesticides.

Keywords: SNP; antioxidant protection genes; case-control study; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; public health; xenobiotic detoxification genes.

Grants and funding

The Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan financially supported the study under the grant project AP09260631 (2021–2023 years). National Scientific Programs BR05236379 (2018–2020 years) and OR11465435 (2021–2022 years) funded human blood sampling and clinical surveys.