Relapsing fever, caused by Borreliae of the relapsing fever groups, is an infectious disease, which would cause spirochaetaemia and repeated fever in human. To comprehensively understand the classification and distribution of relapsing fever, as well as correlated factors, this paper summarizes the progress in research of epidemiology of relapsing fever in the world, and suggests prevention and control measures. The disease is heterogenous and can be divided into three groups according to vectors, i.e. tick-borne relapsing fever, louse-borne relapsing fever and the avian relapsing fever. Tick borne relapsing fever can be further divided into two types: soft tick transmission and hard tick transmission. Soft tick-borne relapsing fever generally has obvious geographical distribution characteristics, while hard tick-borne relapsing fever is widely distributed all over the world. Louse-borne relapsing fever, also known as epidemic forms of relapsing fever, is caused by body lice, and the incidence is usually associated with war, famine, refugees and poor sanitation. The prevention and control of relapsing fever should be based on local conditions.
回归热是一种由回归热螺旋体引起的人感染性疾病。感染回归热一般会造成患者螺旋体血症和反复高热。为了全面了解该病的分类、分布及影响因素等相关内容，本文梳理了全球回归热流行病学研究进展，并提出了防制措施及建议。回归热的类型较为复杂，普遍认为有蜱传回归热、虱传回归热和禽回归热。蜱传回归热又分为软蜱传播和硬蜱传播两种，软蜱传播的回归热有明显的地域特点，而硬蜱传播的回归热在全球广泛分布；虱传回归热的传播媒介为体虱，发病一般与战乱、饥荒、难民、贫困和卫生条件差有关。防控措施的制定应根据当地情况而定。.