A small-scale external quality assessment for PCR detection of group B streptococcus in China

Clin Chim Acta. 2024 Jan 15:553:117733. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117733. Epub 2023 Dec 20.

Abstract

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is considered a leading cause of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Molecular diagnosis is a routinely used approach for GBS screening to protect pregnant women and prevent early-onset GBS neonatal disease. The objective of this study was to identify issues and guarantee the dependability of GBS molecular diagnosis by an external quality assessment (EQA) scheme.

Methods: The EQA panel comprised eight samples spiked with 10-fold dilutions of GBS suspension (20-2,000,000 copies/mL), and 2 negative control samples. The panels were coded randomly and distributed to participating laboratories for GBS detection.

Results: In total, 44 participating laboratories submitted results with eight commercial GBS PCR assays and one in-house assay. Among them, 36 obtained an acceptable or higher performance score, while 8 required improvement. Among the 440 results returned, 62 (14.1 %) were incorrect, including 5 false positives and 57 false negatives.

Conclusions: Our small-scale EQA showed that most participating laboratories have reliable diagnostic capacities for GBS PCR detection. Nonetheless, further improvements in the detection performance of some laboratories are required, particularly with low-concentration samples. Our survey also reinforces the use of EQA as an essential tool to evaluate the overall proficiency of clinical laboratories.

Keywords: External quality assessment; Group B streptococcus; Molecular detection; Quality assurance.

MeSH terms

  • China
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Laboratories*
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Pregnancy
  • Streptococcus*