The prevalence rate, mortality, and 5-year overall survival of Schistosoma japonicum patients with human malignancy

Xue-Fei Liu; Shuai Ju; Ke-Ying Wang; Ying Li; Jin-Wei Qiang

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1288197

The prevalence rate, mortality, and 5-year overall survival of Schistosoma japonicum patients with human malignancy

Front Oncol. 2023 Dec 6:13:1288197. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1288197. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Xue-Fei Liu^#¹, Shuai Ju^#², Ke-Ying Wang^#¹, Ying Li¹, Jin-Wei Qiang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Departments of Interventional Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Only a few studies have focused on the association between Schistosoma japonicum and human malignancy. The aim of this study was to update the prevalence rate, mortality, and 5-year overall survival of S. japonicum patients with human malignancy.

Methods: From January 20, 2018, to January 31, 2021, 5,866 inpatients were included in the study. A total of 656 S. japonicum patients with malignancy were identified. Cases were stratified by gender and age groups. The cancer sites, prevalence rate, mortality, and 5-year overall survival of the patients were reported. The S. japonicum patients with malignancy were further divided into a non-digestive system tumor group (n = 309) and a digestive system tumor group (n = 347), including those with cancer in the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, liver, gallbladder, bile duct, or pancreas. Chi-squared test and odds ratio with confidence intervals were performed between these two groups.

Results: Lung cancer was found the most common malignancy, accounting for 18.6% of all malignancies, followed by colorectal, stomach, liver, and gallbladder cancers. These five leading malignancies accounted for approximately 61.8% of all cases. Colorectal cancer was the leading cause of malignancy death, followed by lung, stomach, gallbladder, and liver cancers. These five leading causes of death accounted for approximately 55.6% of all death cases. Statistical significance was found in the prevalence rate between S. japonicum and non-S. japonicum patients with/without digestive system tumor (p < 0.001). The odds ratio of S. japonicum patients with digestive system tumors was 1.6 (95%CI: 1.4-1.9).

Conclusion: S. japonicum contributes to a significant prevalence and mortality in digestive system tumors, including colorectal, stomach, liver, and gallbladder cancers.

Keywords: Schistosoma japonicum; cancer; five-year overall survival; mortality; prevalence.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The results reported herein correspond to specific aims of grant No. 2021-3-01 to investigator YL from Jinshan Science and Technology Committee. This work was also supported by grant No. ZK2019B01 to investigator J-WQ from Shanghai Municipal Health Commission.