Poor sleep quality association with higher lung cancer risk: a nested case-control study

Guo-Tian Ruan; Ya-Ping Wei; Yi-Zhong Ge; Li-Shun Liu; Zi-Yi Zhou; Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi; Qiang-Qiang He; Shu-Qun Li; Jia-Feng Xu; Yun Song; Qi Zhang; Xi Zhang; Ming Yang; Ping Chen; Yong Sun; Xiao-Bin Wang; Bin-Yan Wang; Han-Ping Shi

doi:10.7717/peerj.16540

Poor sleep quality association with higher lung cancer risk: a nested case-control study

PeerJ. 2023 Dec 15:11:e16540. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16540. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Guo-Tian Ruan^#^{1

2

3}, Ya-Ping Wei^#⁴, Yi-Zhong Ge^{1

2

3}, Li-Shun Liu^{5

6}, Zi-Yi Zhou^{5

6}, Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi⁵, Qiang-Qiang He⁵, Shu-Qun Li⁶, Jia-Feng Xu⁶, Yun Song^{7

8}, Qi Zhang^{1

2

3}, Xi Zhang^{1

2

3}, Ming Yang^{1

2

3}, Ping Chen^{9

10}, Yong Sun¹¹, Xiao-Bin Wang¹², Bin-Yan Wang^{6

8}, Han-Ping Shi^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.
³ Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
⁴ College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
⁶ Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China.
⁷ AUSA Research Institute, Shenzhen AUSA Pharmed Co Ltd, Shenzhen, China.
⁸ Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
⁹ Inspection and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Shenzhen, China.
¹⁰ College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
¹¹ The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.
¹² Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the relationship between sleep quality and lung cancer incidence. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the potential connection between sleep quality and lung cancer incidence.

Methods: We performed and selected a nested case-control study that included 150 lung cancer cases and 150 matched controls based on the Lianyungang cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was utilized to investigate the connection between potential risk factors and lung cancer incidence risk.

Results: In this study, the average age of participants was 66.5 ± 9.1 years, with 58.7% being male, and 52.7% reportedly experiencing sleep quality problems. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that poor sleep quality was connected to an increased lung cancer incidence risk (P = 0.033, odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = [1.05-3.19]) compared with those with good sleep quality. The stratified analyses showed a significantly positive connection between poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) and cancer risk in smokers (vs. non-smoker, P for interaction = 0.085). The combined effect analysis indicated that smokers with poor sleep quality suffered from a 2.79-fold increase in cancer incidence rates when compared with non-smokers with good sleep quality.

Conclusions: Poor sleep quality was positively connected to an increased lung cancer incidence risk. In addition, among those individuals with poor sleep quality, smoking increased the lung cancer incidence risk.

Keywords: Cancer incidence; Nested case–control; Sleep quality; Smoking.

MeSH terms

Aged
Case-Control Studies
Female
Humans
Lung Neoplasms* / epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Sleep Quality
Smoking / adverse effects

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (grant numbers [2017YFC1309200] and [2022YFC2009600]) and the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission [grant number SCW2018-06]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.