Bilateral occipital condyle fracture with an avulsion fracture of the foramen magnum: nonoperative care guided by a traction test. Illustrative case

J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2023 Dec 18;6(25):CASE23577. doi: 10.3171/CASE23577. Print 2023 Dec 18.

Abstract

Background: Bilateral occipital condyle fractures (OCFs) with involvement of the inferior clivus, otherwise known as "avulsion of the anterior foramen magnum," are an exceedingly rare injury with only a few published reports.

Observations: A 24-year-old male presented with bilateral OCFs with involvement of the clivus after a motor vehicle accident. The patient had no neurological deficits and was successfully managed nonoperatively using a halo vest. The authors used a traction test to guide the duration of nonoperative care. The operative and nonoperative management of this rare injury is discussed with respect to other cases in the literature.

Lessons: External immobilization through a halo vest is an effective treatment option for bilateral OCFs with clivus involvement. The traction test can be used, along with computed tomography, to guide the duration of treatment.

Keywords: avulsion; bilateral occipital condyle fractures; foramen magnum; halo; traction test.