The European Green Deal (EGD) is a long-term and important policy to combat climate change. It contains comprehensive regulations that concern the European continent beyond individuals, companies, and cities. Moreover, achieving environmental sustainability depends on the whole world taking responsibility and concrete steps quickly. Although successful and rapid change requires collective effort and high performance across all topics, involving all countries, communities, and sectors, leaving no one behind, since the economic conditions and infrastructures of countries are different, the process of adaptation to green transformation varies. In this study, the multi-criteria decision-making approach has been used to evaluate the performance of the EU member states in terms of many different criteria under the protecting, reducing, and enabling dimensions in an integrated and comprehensive manner. In this context, the data of the EU member states obtained from Eurostat on 3 main and 15 sub-criteria were used, criterion weights were determined by the MEREC method, and then the EGD performances of the countries were revealed by the MAIRCA method. According to the results, "the primary energy consumption" and "freight transport by mode" were selected as the most significant criteria in terms of EGD compliance performance. As a result of the evaluation of the performances of the alternatives, the Netherlands had the best EGD performance which was followed by Sweden while Ireland had the worst ranking and Cyprus was the other underperforming member. Comparative analyses were conducted with the aim of testing the consistency of the proposed methodology.
Keywords: Climate change; European Green Deal; MAIRCA; MCDM (multi-criteria decision making); MEREC; Performance evaluation.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.