A view of the genetic and proteomic profile of extracellular matrix molecules in aging and stroke

Martina Chmelova; Peter Androvic; Denisa Kirdajova; Jana Tureckova; Jan Kriska; Lukas Valihrach; Miroslava Anderova; Lydia Vargova

doi:10.3389/fncel.2023.1296455

A view of the genetic and proteomic profile of extracellular matrix molecules in aging and stroke

Front Cell Neurosci. 2023 Nov 30:17:1296455. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1296455. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Martina Chmelova^{1

2}, Peter Androvic³, Denisa Kirdajova², Jana Tureckova², Jan Kriska², Lukas Valihrach^{2

3}, Miroslava Anderova², Lydia Vargova^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
² Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
³ Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences - BIOCEV, Vestec, Czechia.

Abstract

Introduction: Modification of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the major processes in the pathology of brain damage following an ischemic stroke. However, our understanding of how age-related ECM alterations may affect stroke pathophysiology and its outcome is still very limited.

Methods: We conducted an ECM-targeted re-analysis of our previously obtained RNA-Seq dataset of aging, ischemic stroke and their interactions in young adult (3-month-old) and aged (18-month-old) mice. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAo) in rodents was used as a model of ischemic stroke. Altogether 56 genes of interest were chosen for this study.

Results: We identified an increased activation of the genes encoding proteins related to ECM degradation, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), proteases of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with the thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family and molecules that regulate their activity, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Moreover, significant upregulation was also detected in the mRNA of other ECM molecules, such as proteoglycans, syndecans and link proteins. Notably, we identified 8 genes where this upregulation was enhanced in aged mice in comparison with the young ones. Ischemia evoked a significant downregulation in only 6 of our genes of interest, including those encoding proteins associated with the protective function of ECM molecules (e.g., brevican, Hapln4, Sparcl1); downregulation in brevican was more prominent in aged mice. The study was expanded by proteome analysis, where we observed an ischemia-induced overexpression in three proteins, which are associated with neuroinflammation (fibronectin and vitronectin) and neurodegeneration (link protein Hapln2). In fibronectin and Hapln2, this overexpression was more pronounced in aged post-ischemic animals.

Conclusion: Based on these results, we can conclude that the ratio between the protecting and degrading mechanisms in the aged brain is shifted toward degradation and contributes to the aged tissues' increased sensitivity to ischemic insults. Altogether, our data provide fresh perspectives on the processes underlying ischemic injury in the aging brain and serve as a freely accessible resource for upcoming research.

Keywords: aging; extracellular matrix; genes; proteins; stroke.

Grants and funding

The authors declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by grants 21-24674S and 23-06269S from the Czech Science Foundation (MA), L200392251 from the Czech Academy of Sciences (JK), and by the Institutional support RVO 86652036.