Potentiometric planar platforms modified with a multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposite and based on imprinted polymers for erythromycin assessment

Abdulrahman A Almehizia; Ahmed M Naglah; Mashael G Alanazi; Abdel El-Galil E Amr; Ayman H Kamel

doi:10.1039/d3ra07482j

Potentiometric planar platforms modified with a multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposite and based on imprinted polymers for erythromycin assessment

RSC Adv. 2023 Dec 11;13(51):35926-35936. doi: 10.1039/d3ra07482j. eCollection 2023 Dec 8.

Authors

Abdulrahman A Almehizia¹, Ahmed M Naglah¹, Mashael G Alanazi², Abdel El-Galil E Amr³, Ayman H Kamel^{4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia.
³ Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt.
⁴ Department, College of Science, University of Bahrain Sokheer 32038 Kingdom of Bahrain.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt ahkamel76@sci.asu.edu.eg.

Abstract

A screen-printed potentiometric sensor for the erythromycin macrolide antibiotic (ERY) that is affordable, highly selective, and sensitive is made, described, and used for drug monitoring. Two circular carbon dots with a diameter of 4 mm make up the sensor. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline (f-MWCNTs/PANi) nanocomposites are used to change one carbon spot, which is then used as an ion-to-electron transfer material. Ag/AgCl is applied to the other spot, which is then used as a reference electrode. A solid-state polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is placed onto the second carbon spot to work as a reference electrode, and an ERY molecularly imprinted drug polymer (MIP) is coated onto the f-MWCNTs/PANi-containing strip to serve as a drug identification sensing material. Chronopotentiometry (CP) is used to analyze the integrated sensor's performance characteristics. It is confirmed that f-MWCNTs/PANi has an increased impact on the potential stability as well as the sensing membrane's interfacial double-layer capacitance. At a detection limit of 9.6 ± 0.4 × 10^-7 M, the developed sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 54.0 ± 0.5 mV per decade (R² = 0.9994) over the linear range of 4.6 × 10^-6 to 1.0 × 10^-3 M. When exposed to different related substances such azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, paracetamol, and ascorbic acid, the sensor exhibits excellent selectivity. For the direct potentiometric determination of ERY in some pharmaceutical formulations and in samples of spiked human urine, the assay method has been validated and shown to be adequate. The obtained recovery ranges from 93.0 ± 0.5 to 104.3 ± 0.7 of the nominal or spiked concentration, with a mean relative standard deviation of ±0.6%. Due to the near closeness of the responsive membrane and the liquid junction, the use of all-solid-state electrodes coupled with a planar disposable platform enables applications with a minimum sample volume. The effectiveness of the suggested sensor in a complex urine matrix points to its use in hospitals for quick overdose patient detection as well as for quality control/quality assurance tests in the pharmaceutical sector.