Inflammatory bowel disease patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty have higher odds of implant-related complications

Matthew L Magruder; Shabnam Parsa; Adam M Gordon; Mitchell Ng; Che Hang J Wong

doi:10.1177/11207000231214768

Inflammatory bowel disease patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty have higher odds of implant-related complications

Hip Int. 2023 Dec 12:11207000231214768. doi: 10.1177/11207000231214768. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Matthew L Magruder¹, Shabnam Parsa², Adam M Gordon¹, Mitchell Ng¹, Che Hang J Wong¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
² Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

PMID: 38087839
DOI: 10.1177/11207000231214768

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluates whether IBD patients are at increased risk of implant-related complications after THA.

Materials and methods: A retrospective study from 01 January 2010 to 31 October 31 2020 using an administrative claims database was performed. IBD patients undergoing THA (n = 11,025), without corticosteroid treatment, were propensity score matched to controls in a 1:5 ratio (n = 55,121) based on age, sex, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Outcomes evaluated included periprosthetic fracture, aseptic loosening, prosthetic joint infection, and THA revision within 2 years of index procedure. Chi-square analyses were used to compare the matched cohorts. The association of IBD and implant-related complications was evaluated using logistical regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and p-values. A p-value < 0.001 was used as the significance threshold.

Results: Patients with IBD had a greater incidence and odds of total implant complications (7.03% vs. 3.98%; OR 1.76; p < 0.001) compared with matched controls. IBD patients had significantly higher incidence and odds of developing periprosthetic fracture (0.50% vs. 0.20%; OR 2.46; p < 0.001), THA revisions (2.21% vs. 1.17%; OR 1.91; p < 0.001), aseptic loosening (1.45% vs. 0.84%; OR 1.75; p < 0.001), and prosthetic joint infection (2.87% vs. 1.77%; OR 1.64; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Patients with IBD who underwent primary THA had a significantly higher risk of implant-related complications compared to matched controls. Providers should use this study to appropriately assess post-complication risk factors for their patients with IBD.

Keywords: Aseptic loosening; inflammatory bowel disease; periprosthetic fracture; postoperative complications; prosthetic joint infection; total hip arthroplasty.