Preoperative pain screening and optimisation by a perioperative pain service to support complex surgical patients: no patient left behind

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Pain Prevention Research Center at Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
• ² Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Pain Prevention Research Center at Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Pain Prevention Research Center at Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: langfordd@hss.edu.