"Salivary LINC00657 and miRNA-106a as diagnostic biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma, an observational diagnostic study"

Nayroz Abdel Fattah Tarrad; Sandy Hassan; Olfat Gamil Shaker; Maha AbdelKawy

doi:10.1186/s12903-023-03726-0

"Salivary LINC00657 and miRNA-106a as diagnostic biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma, an observational diagnostic study"

BMC Oral Health. 2023 Dec 12;23(1):994. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03726-0.

Authors

Nayroz Abdel Fattah Tarrad¹, Sandy Hassan², Olfat Gamil Shaker³, Maha AbdelKawy⁴

Affiliations

¹ Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt. nam05@fayoum.edu.eg.
² Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University and Ahram Candian University, Fayoum, Cairo, Egypt.
³ Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
⁴ Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Early detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors is critical for improving the survival rate and treatment outcomes of oral cancer. Thus, the current prospective investigation was designed to verify the role, sensitivity, and specificity of salivary LINC00657 and miRNA-106a as diagnostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients as compared to oral lichen planus (as an example of oral potentially malignant disorders) and normal individuals, and to show LINC00657 relation to miR-106a.

Methods: A total of 36 participants were included, subdivided into 3 groups: Group I: 12 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Group II: 12 patients diagnosed with oral lichen planus (OLP). Group III: 12 systemically free individuals with no oral mucosal lesions. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from all participants to evaluate level of LINC00657 and miR-106a in different groups using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results: OSCC showed the highest LINC00657 and lowest miR-106a fold change among included groups. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the two biomarkers for detecting OSCC revealed that LINC00657 had higher diagnostic accuracy (DA) (83.3%) compared to miR-106a (80.4%). As for detecting OLP, ROC analysis showed that miR-106a had higher (DA) (61%) compared to LINC00657 (52.5%). To discriminate OSCC from OLP, the diagnostic accuracy of both markers is the same (75%). Moreover, differentiating OSCC grades II and III, ROC analysis showed that miR-106a had lower (DA) (60%) compared to LINC00657 (DA) (83.3%).

Conclusions: Salivary LINC00657 and miR-106a could be promising diagnostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Salivary LINC00657 may differentiate oral squamous cell carcinoma from oral potentially malignant disorders with considerable diagnostic accuracy. Moreover, low levels of salivary miR-106a could have the potential to indicate malignancy.

Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered on clinicaltrial.gov with NCT05821179 (first trial registration in 26/3/2023), date of registration: 19/4/2023.

Keywords: LINC00657; Oral potentially malignant disorders; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; Saliva; miR-106a.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / diagnosis
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / genetics
Head and Neck Neoplasms*
Humans
Lichen Planus, Oral* / diagnosis
MicroRNAs*
Mouth Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Mouth Neoplasms* / genetics
Precancerous Conditions*
Saliva / chemistry
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Substances

Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor
MicroRNAs
NORAD long non-coding RNA, human

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05821179