Diversity of MrTolls and their regulation of antimicrobial peptides expression during Enterobacter cloacae infection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Abstract

Toll/Toll-like receptor (TLR) is an important pattern recognition receptor that plays an important role in the immunity of animals. Six Toll genes were identified in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, namely, MrToll, MrToll1, MrToll2, MrToll3, MrToll4, and MrToll5. SMART analysis showed that all six Tolls have a transmembrane domain, a TIR domain, and different number of LRR domains. The phylogenetic tree showed that six Tolls were located in six different branches. Among these six Tolls, only MrToll4 contains the QHR motif, which is similar to insect Toll9. MrToll4 belongs to V-type/scc Toll with only one LRRCT domain. MrToll1 and MrToll5 are classical P-type/mcc Toll with two LRRCT domains and an LRRNT. MrTolls were distributed in the hemocytes, heart, hepatopancreas, gills, stomach, and intestine. During the infection of Enterobacter cloacae, the expression level of MrToll and MrToll1-4 was upregulated in the intestine of M. rosenbergii. RNA interference experiments showed that the expression of most antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes was negatively regulated by MrTolls during E. cloacae infection. On the contrary, crustin (Cru) 3 and Cru4 were inhibited after the knockdown of MrToll, and Cru1 and Cru4 were significantly downregulated with the knockdown of MrToll4 during E. cloacae challenge. These results suggest that MrTolls may be involved in the regulation of AMP expression in the intestine during E. cloacae infection.

Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide; Enterobacter cloacae; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Tolls.