Antimicrobial and biocompatibility nature of methanol extract of Lannea coromandelica bark and edible coating film preparation for fruit preservation

Tan Phat Chau; Mythili Saravanan; Mysoon M Al-Ansari; Nora Dahmash Al-Dahmash; Laya Liz Kuriakose; Raveendran Sindhu

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117861

Antimicrobial and biocompatibility nature of methanol extract of Lannea coromandelica bark and edible coating film preparation for fruit preservation

Environ Res. 2024 Feb 15:243:117861. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117861. Epub 2023 Dec 7.

Authors

Tan Phat Chau¹, Mythili Saravanan², Mysoon M Al-Ansari³, Nora Dahmash Al-Dahmash³, Laya Liz Kuriakose⁴, Raveendran Sindhu⁵

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Electronic address: phat.ct@vlu.edu.vn.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, USA.
³ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India.
⁵ Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India. Electronic address: sindhurgcb@gmail.com.

PMID: 38070851
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117861

Abstract

This research was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Lannea coromandelica bark against fruit damage causing microbes such as fungi: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Botrytis sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Phytophthora sp., and Trichoderma sp. The bacteria: such as Chromobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Erwinia sp., Flavobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Xanthomonas sp. was investigated. Furthermore, their biocompatibility nature was determined through animal (rat) model study and their fruit preserving potential was determined by edible coating preparation with chitosan and other substances. Interestingly, the extract showed dose dependent (1000 μg mL^-1) activity against these microbes in the following order: Enterobacter sp. (26.4 ± 1.5) > Chromobacter sp. (25.4 ± 1.6) > Pseudomonas sp. (24.5 ± 1.3) > Flavobacterium sp. (24.3 ± 1.4) > Xanthomonas sp. (23.6 ± 1.6) > Erwinia sp. (23.6 ± 1.6) > Lactobacillus sp. (19.6 ± 1.3). Similarly, the antifungal activity was found as Penicillium sp. (32.6 ± 1.3) > Cladosporium sp. (32.6 ± 1.5) > Alternaria sp. (30.3 ± 1.2) > Aspergillus sp. (29.9 ± 1.8) > Botrytis sp. (29.8 ± 1.2) > Fusarium sp. (28.6 ± 1.5) > Trichoderma sp. (19.8 ± 1.4) > Phytophthora sp. (16.2 ± 1.1). The acute toxicity and histopathological study results revealed that the extract possesses biocompatible in nature. The illumination transmittance and active functional groups involved in interaction among test methanol extract and chitosan investigated by UV-vis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses and found average light transmittance and few vital functional groups accountable for optimistic interaction to creak edible coating. Approximately four (set I-IV) treatment sets were prepared, and it was discovered that all of the coated Citrus maxima fruit quality characteristics including total soluble solids (TSS), weight loss (%), pH of fruit pulp juice, and decay percentage were significantly (p>0.05) better than uncoated fruit.

Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Citrus maxima fruit; Edible coating; Lannea coromandelica bark; Methanol extract.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antifungal Agents / analysis
Antifungal Agents / chemistry
Chitosan* / chemistry
Citrus*
Edible Films*
Fruit / chemistry
Fruit / microbiology
Methanol / analysis
Plant Bark
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Rats

Substances

Methanol
Chitosan
Antifungal Agents
Plant Extracts