Rectal cancer is a prevalent disease worldwide. The standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. Studies have been done to determine the best sequence of treatments to improve survival, cure rate and long term toxicity profile. In this paper, we will review the literature regarding the evolution of LARC treatment.
Keywords: Rectal neoplasms; chemoradiotherapy; immunotherapy; neoadjuvant therapy; organ preservation; radiotherapy.
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