1 Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical School, Harvard University, Boston 02114, MA, USA; Pan-African Organization for Health, Education and Research, St Louis, MO, USA.
2 Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
3 Division of Gastroenterology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
4 Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, MN, USA.
5 Division of Gastroenterology, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
7 Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
8 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
9 Department of Internal Medicine, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
10 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
11 Division of Gastroenterology, St Louis School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA.
12 Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
13 Division of Gastroenterology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
14 Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical School, Harvard University, Boston 02114, MA, USA; Pan-African Organization for Health, Education and Research, St Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: aasombang@mgh.harvard.edu.