Integrated Three-Dimensional Microdevice with a Modified Surface for Enhanced DNA Separation from Biological Samples

Peipei Li; Menghang Li; Bing Sun; Xinrong Li; Qianying Xiao; Dongmei Yue; Shan Gao; Bai Wang; Xiaobin Jiang; Jingwei Jiang; Zunchun Zhou

doi:10.1021/acsami.3c11681

Integrated Three-Dimensional Microdevice with a Modified Surface for Enhanced DNA Separation from Biological Samples

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Dec 6;15(48):55297-55307. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c11681. Epub 2023 Nov 21.

Authors

Peipei Li¹, Menghang Li^{1

2}, Bing Sun², Xinrong Li^{1

2}, Qianying Xiao², Dongmei Yue¹, Shan Gao¹, Bai Wang¹, Xiaobin Jiang², Jingwei Jiang¹, Zunchun Zhou¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Fine Seed Breeding for Marine Aquatic Animals, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China.

PMID: 38058108
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11681

Abstract

Functional interfaces and devices for rapid adsorption and immobilization of nucleic acids (NAs) are significant for relevant bioengineering applications. Herein, a microdevice with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) photosensitive resin was integrated by three-dimensional (3D) printing, named D_PAA for short. Precise microscale structures and abundant surface carboxyl functional groups were fabricated for fast and high-throughput deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) separation. Surface modification was then done using polydopamine (PDA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to obtain modified poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-based devices D_PDA-PAA and D_PEG-PAA rich in amino and hydroxyl groups, respectively. The fabricated device D_PAA possessed superior printing accuracy (40-50 μm). Functionalization of amino and hydroxyl was successful, and the modified devices D_PDA-PAA and D_PEG-PAA maintained a high thermal stability like D_PAA. Surface potential analysis and molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the affinity for DNA was in the order of D_PDA-PAA > D_PEG-PAA > D_PAA. Further DNA separation experiments confirmed the high throughput and high selectivity of DNA separation performance, consistent with the predicted affinity results. D_PDA-PAA showed relatively the highest DNA extraction yield, while D_PEG-PAA was the worst. An acidic binding system is more favorable for DNA separation and recovery. D_PDA-PAA showed significantly better DNA extraction performance than D_PAA in a weakly acidic environment (pH 5.0-7.0), and the average DNA yield of the first elution was 2.16 times that of D_PAA. This work validates the possibility of modification on integrated 3D microdevices to improve their DNA separation efficiency effectively. It also provides a new direction for the rational design and functionalization of bioengineering separators based on nonmagnetic methods. It may pave a new path for the highly efficient polymerase chain reaction diagnosis.

Keywords: 3D printing; DNA separation; interfacial modification; microscale devices; nonmagnetic adsorption.

MeSH terms

DNA
Nucleic Acids*
Polyethylene Glycols* / chemistry

Substances

Polyethylene Glycols
Nucleic Acids
DNA