Green chemistry, green analytical chemistry and green sample preparation are related areas that have been developing since the 90s, aiming to moderate the adverse impacts of chemical practices on the environment and human health. Presently, a set of green principles has been established, which is a collection of rules that need to be followed to perform chemical practices with a lower negative impact on the environment. Herein, we comprehensively review green chemical analysis by combining historical aspects and ongoing efforts of green analytical methodologies. Through four systematically designed chapters, information is presented on the aspects of green analytical chemistry, including its fundamentals, metrics, modern strategies and future trends.