Microbiota analysis for risk assessment of xenobiotic exposure and the impact on dysbiosis: identifying potential next-generation probiotics

Ana López-Moreno; Philippe Langella; Rebeca Martín; Margarita Aguilera

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.e211010

Microbiota analysis for risk assessment of xenobiotic exposure and the impact on dysbiosis: identifying potential next-generation probiotics

EFSA J. 2023 Nov 30;21(Suppl 1):e211010. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.e211010. eCollection 2023 Nov.

Authors

Ana López-Moreno^{1

2}, Philippe Langella³, Rebeca Martín³, Margarita Aguilera^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Granada Spain.
² "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada (INYTA-UGR) Granada Spain.
³ Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay 78350 Jouy-en-Josas France.

Abstract

On-going projects of the team are currently dealing with microbiota, xenobiotics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), obesity, inflammation and probiotics. The combination of diet, lifestyle and the exposure to dietary xenobiotics categorised into microbiota-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) could determine obesogenic-related dysbiosis. This modification of the microbiota diversity impacts on individual health-disease balance, inducing altered phenotypes. Specific, complementary, and combined prevention and treatments are needed to face these altered microbial patterns and the specific misbalances triggered. In this sense, searching for next-generation probiotics (NGP) by microbiota culturing, and focusing on their demonstrated, extensive scope and well-defined functions could contribute to counteracting and repairing the effects of obesogens. Therefore, EU-FORA project contributes to present a perspective through compiling information and key strategies for directed taxa searching and culturing of NGP that could be administered for preventing obesity and endocrine-related dysbiosis by (i) observing the differential abundance of specific microbiota taxa in obesity-related patients and analysing their functional roles, (ii) developing microbiota-directed strategies for culturing these taxa groups, and (iii) design and applying the successful compiled criteria from recent NGP clinical studies. New isolated or cultivable microorganisms from healthy gut microbiota specifically related to xenobiotic obesogens' neutralisation effects might be used as an NGP single strain or in consortia, both presenting functions and the ability to palliate metabolic-related disorders. Identification of holistic approaches for searching and using potential NGP, key aspects, the bias, gaps and proposals of solutions were also considered in this workplan.

Keywords: BPA; food safety; gut microbiota; next‐generation probiotics; obesity; xenobiotics.