Unfinished nursing care in intensive care units and the mediating role of the association between nurse working environment, and quality of care and nurses' wellbeing

Abstract

Objectives: Unfinished care refers to the situation in which nurses are forced to delay or omit necessary nursing care. The objectives was: 1) to measure the prevalence of unfinished nursing care in intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) to examine whether unfinished nursing care has a mediating role in the relationship between nurse working environment and nurse-perceived quality of care and risk of burnout among nurses.

Design: A national cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Seventy-five intensive care units in Belgium (December 2021 to February 2022).

Main outcome measures: The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index was used to measure the work environment. The perception of quality and safety of care was evaluated via a Likert-type scale. The risk of burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale.

Results: A total of 2,183 nurse responses were included (response rate of 47.8%). Seventy-six percent of nurses reported at least one unfinished nursing care activity during their last shift. The staffing and resource adequacy subdimension of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index had the strongest correlation with unfinished nursing care. An increase in unfinished nursing care led to significantly lower perceived quality and safety of care and an increase in high risk of burnout. Unfinished nursing care appears to be a mediating factor for the association between staffing and resource adequacy and the quality and safety of care perceived by nurses and risk of burnout.

Conclusions: Unfinished nursing care, which is highly related to staffing and resource adequacy, is associated with increased odds of nurses being at risk of burnout and reporting a lower level of perceived quality of care.

Implications for clinical practice: The monitoring of unfinished nursing care in the intensive care unit is an important early indicator of problems related to adequate staffing levels, the well-being of nurses, and the perceived quality of care.

Keywords: COVID19; Intensive care units; Missed nursing care; Nursing staff; Patient safety; Professional burnout; Unfinished nursing care; Workforce; Workload.