Effects of gamma-radiation on microbial, nutritional, and functional properties of Katimon mango peels: A combined biochemical and in silico studies

Tabassum Jabin; Suvro Biswas; Shirmin Islam; Swagotom Sarker; Mirola Afroze; Gobindo Kumar Paul; Mamudul Hasan Razu; Md Monirruzzaman; Mainul Huda; Mashiur Rahman; Nayan Kumer Kundu; Sabiha Kamal; Pranab Karmakar; Md Ariful Islam; Md Abu Saleh; Mala Khan; Shahriar Zaman

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21556

Effects of gamma-radiation on microbial, nutritional, and functional properties of Katimon mango peels: A combined biochemical and in silico studies

Heliyon. 2023 Oct 31;9(11):e21556. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21556. eCollection 2023 Nov.

Authors

Tabassum Jabin^{1

2}, Suvro Biswas¹, Shirmin Islam¹, Swagotom Sarker², Mirola Afroze², Gobindo Kumar Paul¹, Mamudul Hasan Razu², Md Monirruzzaman², Mainul Huda², Mashiur Rahman², Nayan Kumer Kundu², Sabiha Kamal², Pranab Karmakar², Md Ariful Islam¹, Md Abu Saleh¹, Mala Khan², Shahriar Zaman¹

Affiliations

¹ Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
² Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Gamma radiation has notable impacts on the flesh of mangoes. In this research, Katimon mangoes were subjected to different levels of irradiation (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kGy) using a⁶⁰Co irradiator. The results showed that irradiation significantly reduced the microbial population in the mango peels, with the 1.5 kGy dose showing the most significant reduction. Irradiation also delayed ripening and extended the shelf life of the mango peels. The total fat, protein, ash, moisture, and sugar content of the mango peels were all affected by irradiation. The total protein content, ash content and moisture content increased after irradiation, while the fat content remained relatively unchanged. The sugar content increased in all samples after storage, but the non-irradiated samples had higher sugar levels than the irradiated ones. The dietary fiber content of the mango peels was not significantly affected by irradiation. The vitamin C content decreased in all samples after storage. The titratable acidity and total soluble solids content of the mango peels increased after storage, but there were no significant differences between the irradiated and non-irradiated samples. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity assessment highlighted the antioxidant potential and reduced toxicity of irradiated samples. Additionally, the antimicrobial effectiveness of irradiated mango peels was evaluated. The most substantial inhibitory zones (measuring 16.90 ± 0.35) against Pseudomonas sp. were observed at a radiation dose of 1.5 kGy with 150 μg/disc. To identify potential antimicrobial agents, the volatile components of mangoes irradiated with 1.5 kGy were analyzed through GC-MS. Subsequently, these compounds were subjected to in silico studies against a viable protein, TgpA, of Pseudomonas sp. (PDB ID: 6G49). Based on molecular dynamic simulations and ADMET properties, (-)-Carvone (-6.2), p-Cymene (-6.1), and Acetic acid phenylmethyl ester (-6.1) were identified as promising compounds for controlling Pseudomonas sp.

Keywords: Antimicrobial activities; Biochemical assay; Gamma radiation; In silico; Mango peels.