Refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a challenging disease that can be defined by refractoriness to second-line treatments. In this review, we list and comment available evidence about clinical and biological factors associated with refractoriness to splenectomy, thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), rituximab and fostamatinib, as well as those associated with multirefractory ITP (active disease with failure of rituximab, TPO-RAs and splenectomy).
Keywords: markers; refractory primary immune thrombocytopenia; thrombopoietin receptor.
© 2023 The Authors. British Journal of Haematology published by British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.