Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Joint Scale

Nezih Ziroglu; Tansu Birinci; Alican Koluman; Yasemin Şahbaz; Mehmet Utku Çiftçi; Emre Baca; Altuğ Duramaz

doi:10.1177/19386400231214285

Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Joint Scale

Foot Ankle Spec. 2023 Nov 29:19386400231214285. doi: 10.1177/19386400231214285. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Nezih Ziroglu¹, Tansu Birinci², Alican Koluman³, Yasemin Şahbaz⁴, Mehmet Utku Çiftçi³, Emre Baca³, Altuğ Duramaz³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Atakent Hospital, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey.
² Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
³ Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁴ Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey.

PMID: 38018560
DOI: 10.1177/19386400231214285

Abstract

Background: The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP) scale is one of the most widely used outcome measures to evaluate hallux pathologies. This study aimed to translate the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale into Turkish and investigate its psychometric properties.

Methods: The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP-T) scale were tested in 66 patients with hallux pathologies (52 women; mean age, 47.64 ± 12.75 years). Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to estimate test-retest. Construct validity was analyzed with the Turkish version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and 12-item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-12).

Results: The AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP-T scale had adequate internal consistency (α = 0.71) and test-retest reliability (ICC_2,1 = 0.93 for pain, ICC_2,1 = 0.97 for function, and ICC_2,1 = 0.97 for total score). The AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP-T total score has a moderate to strong correlation with VAS-activity and MOXFQ (ρ = -0.77, P = .001; ρ = -0.69, P = .001, respectively). The weakest correlation was found between the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP-T and the SF-12 mental component scale (ρ = 0.31, P = .01).

Conclusion: AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP-T has sufficient reliability and validity to evaluate Turkish-speaking individuals with a variety of forefoot pathologies including the hallux.

Levels of evidence: Level II.

Keywords: AOFAS; Turkish; big toe; foot; forefoot; great toe; hallux; pain; psychometrics.