Feasibility Study to Compare Oxytocin Function Between Body Mass Index Groups at Term Labor Induction

Abstract

Objective: To determine the feasibility of a protocol to examine the association between oxytocin system function and birth outcomes in women with and without obesity before induction of labor.

Design: Prospective descriptive.

Setting: Academic medical center in the U.S. Midwest.

Participants: Pregnant women scheduled for induction of labor at 40 weeks of gestation or greater (n = 15 normal weight; n = 15 obese).

Methods: We collected blood samples and abstracted data by chart review. We used percentages to examine adherence to protocol. We used t tests and chi-square tests to describe differences in sample characteristics, oxytocin system function variables, and birth outcomes between the body mass index groups.

Results: The recruitment rate was 85.7%, protocol adherence was 97.1%, and questionnaire completion was 80.0%. Mean plasma oxytocin concentration was higher in the obese group (M = 2774.4 pg/ml, SD = 797.4) than in the normal weight group (M = 2193.5 pg/ml, SD = 469.8). Oxytocin receptor DNA percentage methylation (CpG -934) was higher in the obese group than in the normal weight group.

Conclusion: Our protocol was feasible and can serve as a foundation for estimating sample sizes in forthcoming studies investigating the diversity in oxytocin system measurements and childbirth outcomes among pregnant women in different body mass index categories.

Keywords: epigenetic; induction of labor; labor outcomes; methylation; obesity; oxytocin; oxytocin receptor.