Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty Revision

Abstract

Background: Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is the main surgical technique to obtain an artificial crease. Postoperative complications decrease patients' satisfaction, and patients with prominent depressed groove and persistent pretarsal swelling (sausage phenomenon) usually need revision surgery. To resolve the sausage phenomenon after blepharoplasty, we adopt Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach to create natural double eyelids.

Methods: We included 68 patients in the study. The inclusion criteria for revision surgery were as follows: (1) pretarsal OOM remained after primary surgery, (2) prominent depressed surgical scar/groove and persistent pretarsal bulge (sausage phenomenon), (3) postsurgical abnormally wide crease. The surgical procedure involved releasing the pretarsal OOM, forming OFOOM-OOM flap, and OFOOM-OOM flap fixed with aponeurosis. Outcome observations were assessed using the FACE-Q questionnaire, and the follow-up period ranged from 6 to 36 months (mean=18 months).

Results: The depressed groove and pretarsal bulge showed significant improvements, and FACE-Q scores of the 68 patients before surgery (mean scores=66) compared with those after surgery (mean scores=90) were significantly different (P<0.01). Four patients with palpebral fold asymmetry and two patients with shallow eyelids received revision surgery, and patients were satisfied with the secondary surgery effects. Six patients presented with unnatural curves of folds and revision surgery alleviated these situations.

Conclusions: Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach is an effective way to resolve the sausage phenomenon. The OFOOM-OOM flap is a reliable and flexible structure to create natural double eyelids.

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Keywords: Blepharoplasty; Orbicularis-Aponeurosis Fixation; Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty Revision.