CRISPR-based epigenome editing: mechanisms and applications

Epigenomics. 2023 Nov;15(21):1137-1155. doi: 10.2217/epi-2023-0281. Epub 2023 Nov 22.

Abstract

Epigenomic anomalies contribute significantly to the development of numerous human disorders. The development of epigenetic research tools is essential for understanding how epigenetic marks contribute to gene expression. A gene-editing technique known as CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) typically targets a particular DNA sequence using a guide RNA (gRNA). CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been remodeled for epigenome editing by generating a 'dead' Cas9 protein (dCas9) that lacks nuclease activity and juxtaposing it with an epigenetic effector domain. Based on fusion partners of dCas9, a specific epigenetic state can be achieved. CRISPR-based epigenome editing has widespread application in drug screening, cancer treatment and regenerative medicine. This paper discusses the tools developed for CRISPR-based epigenome editing and their applications.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 / genetics
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Epigenome*
  • Gene Editing / methods
  • Humans
  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Substances

  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
  • CRISPR-Associated Protein 9