The role of body mass index on the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index and hyperuricemia: a mediation analysis based on NHANES (2007-2016)

Abstract

Background: The Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) is related to both body mass index (BMI) and hyperuricemia. However, the association among BMI, hyperuricemia and DII is yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of BMI in the relationship between E-DII and hyperuricemia in the American population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2016, with a sample size of 10,571 participants. The study used a weighted logistic regression model and a generalized additive model (GAM) to explore the associations among BMI, hyperuricemia and E-DII. Furthermore, mediation analysis was utilized to illustrate the mediating relationships among these variables.

Results: The results of the study indicated that a higher E-DII was related to an increased risk of hyperuricemia. The association between E-DII and hyperuricemia was partially mediated by BMI.

Conclusions: E-DII is associated with hyperuricemia. BMI mediates the relationship between E-DII and hyperuricemia among Americans, which provides crucial information for the prevention of hyperuricemia.