Vocal Fold Granuloma: Updates and Advancements in Treatment

Abstract

Objective/hypothesis: Vocal fold granulomas (VFGs) are benign outgrowths from vocal folds with varying etiologies. If untreated, VFGs can result in mass effects on the surrounding larynx, leading to dysphagia, hoarseness of voice, and possibly dyspnea. With new advancements, novel treatment options and innovative collaborations of previous treatment modalities have started to surface.

Study design: This review aims to provide a world review of the current risks, etiologies, and complications surrounding VFGs, as well as discuss the current and future treatment modalities surrounding VFGs.

Methods: Four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and WoS) were searched from the earliest records until February 2023 using search terms related to VFGs. Relevant articles were assessed and analyzed to provide a broad scope of the current treatment options for VFGs.

Results/conclusions: The treatment options for VFGs run both wide and deep, ranging from conservative voice therapy to laser vaporization to surgical excision. Within each modality, variations to each technique and method of administration also play a role in maximizing the effectiveness of treatment. Overall, with more higher-powered studies, the complex interplay of treatment modalities can be further untangled to determine the ideal combination treatment for various VFGs.

Keywords: Contact granuloma; Laryngeal granulomas; Laser vaporization; Vocal fold; Vocal fold granuloma.