Management of Pseudophakic Malignant Glaucoma Using Modified Nd:YAG Laser Treatment Methodology Through Surgical Preset Iridectomy

Mingmin Yang; Xiaohua Pan; Zijie Chen; Xiaoli Shen; Zhen Yu; Yufei Tao; Shan Li; Xiang Mo; Xuyang Liu; Ning Fan

doi:10.1007/s40123-023-00851-5

Management of Pseudophakic Malignant Glaucoma Using Modified Nd:YAG Laser Treatment Methodology Through Surgical Preset Iridectomy

Ophthalmol Ther. 2024 Jan;13(1):337-351. doi: 10.1007/s40123-023-00851-5. Epub 2023 Nov 20.

Authors

Mingmin Yang^#¹, Xiaohua Pan^#¹, Zijie Chen^#², Xiaoli Shen¹, Zhen Yu¹, Yufei Tao¹, Shan Li¹, Xiang Mo¹, Xuyang Liu^{3

4}, Ning Fan⁵

Affiliations

¹ Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, 18th Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, China.
² Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China.
³ Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China. xliu1213@126.com.
⁴ Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China. xliu1213@126.com.
⁵ Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, 18th Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, China. szfanning@126.com.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Introduction: The use of the neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser to treat malignant glaucoma (MG) has been described in the literature since the 1980s. However, the technique has been reported to have a short-term effect, with a notable relapse rate. In the present study, we report the efficacy and durability of a modified Nd:YAG laser treatment methodology for treatment of pseudophakic or aphakic MG.

Methods: Patients with chronic angle-closure glaucoma and deemed at high risk of developing post-operative MG received prophylactic peripheral iridectomy during their conventional operation beginning in 2017. When the diagnosis of pseudophakic or aphakic MG was confirmed, a thorough Nd:YAG laser capsulo/zonulo-hyaloido-vitreolysis (CZHV) was performed through iridectomy, along with standardized pre- and post-laser medications. This retrospective case series includes 14 eyes of 11 patients with MG who had surgical preset iridectomy and modified Nd:YAG laser CZHV between 2017 and 2022. Outcome measures included resolution and recurrence of MG and incidence of treatment complications.

Results: The mean follow-up was 27.1 ± 15.0 months (range, 12-48). Long-term resolution of MG was obtained in all included eyes at the end of the follow-up. Six eyes (42.9%) achieved long-term resolution with a single Nd:YAG laser intervention. Eight eyes (57.1%) achieved long-term resolution following two to three laser interventions, with two eyes (14.3%) experiencing recurrence. There was no complication during the follow-up. At the final visit, a significant reduction (P = 0.0001) in the mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was observed (13.1 ± 2.8 mmHg) compared to presentation (21.4 ± 6.3 mmHg).

Conclusion: The modified Nd:YAG laser treatment methodology is a minimally invasive option to manage pseudophakic or aphakic MG with sustained effectiveness. Reduced inflammatory reactions due to prophylactic peripheral iridectomy, rapid diagnosis, and timely treatment initiation have all contributed to the favorable outcomes associated with this modified treatment methodology.

Keywords: Aqueous misdirection; Capsulo/zonulo-hyaloido-vitreolysis; Iridectomy; Malignant glaucoma; Nd:YAG laser.

Abstract

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