PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Betaine and Nedaplatin Hamper Breast Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Sherif Ashraf Fahmy; Asmaa Ramzy; Nourhan M El Samaloty; Nada K Sedky; Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c05359

PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Betaine and Nedaplatin Hamper Breast Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

ACS Omega. 2023 Oct 25;8(44):41485-41494. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05359. eCollection 2023 Nov 7.

Authors

Sherif Ashraf Fahmy¹, Asmaa Ramzy², Nourhan M El Samaloty^{3

4}, Nada K Sedky⁵, Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy^{2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
² Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
³ Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt.
⁴ Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 12311, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
⁶ Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert Einstein Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany.

Abstract

The current study investigates the anticancer effects of PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) coloaded with betaine (BT) and nedaplatin (ND) on breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells and breast cancer-bearing rats. Hereof, the ionotropic gelation approach was implemented for the synthesis of PEG-uncoated and PEG-coated CS NPs encompassing either BT, ND, or both (BT-ND). The sizes of the developed BT/CS NPs, ND/CS NPs, and BT-ND/CS NPs were 176.84 ± 7.45, 204.1 ± 13.6, and 201.1 ± 23.35 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the sizes of the synthesized BT/PEG-CS NPs, ND/PEG-CS NPs, and BT-ND/PEG-CS NPs were 165.1 ± 32.40, 148.2 ± 20.98, and 143.7 ± 7.72 nm, respectively. The surface charges of the fabricated nanoparticles were considerably high. All of the synthesized nanoparticles displayed a spherical form and significant entrapment efficiency. Release experiments demonstrated that the PEGylated and non-PEGylated CS NPs could discharge their contents into the tumor cells' microenvironments (pH 5.5). In addition, the NPs demonstrated an outstanding ability to reduce the viability of the MCF-7 cell line. In addition, BT-ND/PEG-CS NPs were found to be the strongest among all NP preparations, where they caused around 90% decrease in the size of mammary gland tumors in rats compared to vehicle-treated animals.