Mechanisms of anti-ulcer actions of Prangos pabularia (L.) in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Ahmed A J Jabbar; Ramzi A Mothana; Mahmood Ameen Abdulla; Fuad Othman Abdullah; Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed; Rawaz Rizgar Hussen; Mohammed F Hawwal; Omer I Fantoukh; Sidgi Hasson

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101850

Mechanisms of anti-ulcer actions of Prangos pabularia (L.) in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Saudi Pharm J. 2023 Dec;31(12):101850. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101850. Epub 2023 Oct 29.

Authors

Ahmed A J Jabbar¹, Ramzi A Mothana², Mahmood Ameen Abdulla³, Fuad Othman Abdullah^{4

5}, Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed⁶, Rawaz Rizgar Hussen⁷, Mohammed F Hawwal², Omer I Fantoukh², Sidgi Hasson⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
² Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
⁵ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
⁶ Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
⁷ Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
⁸ School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease is the greatest digestive disorder that has increased incidence and recurrence rates across all nations. Prangos pabularia (L.) has been well documented as a folkloric medicinal herb utilized for multiple disease conditions including gastric ulcers. Hence, the target study was investigation the gastro-protection effects of root extracts of Prangos pabularia (REPP) on ethanol-mediated stomach injury in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were clustered in 5 cages: A and B, normal and ulcer control rats pre-ingested with 1 % carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)); C, reference rats had 20 mg/kg omeprazole; D and E, rats pre-supplemented with 250 and 500 mg/kg of REPP, respectively. After one hour, group A was given orally 1 % CMC, and groups B-E were given 100 % ethanol. The ulcer area, gastric acidity, and gastric wall mucus of all stomachs were determined. The gastric tissue homogenates were examined for antioxidant and MDA contents. Moreover, the gastric tissues were analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemically assays. Acute toxicity results showed lack of any toxic effects or histological changes in rats exposed to 2 and 5 g/kg of REPP ingestion. The ulcer controls had extensive gastric mucosal damage with lower gastric juice and a reduced gastric pH. REPP treatment caused a significant reduction of the ethanol-induced gastric lacerations represented by an upsurge in gastric mucus and gastric wall glycoproteins (increased PAS), a decrease in the gastric acidity, leukocyte infiltration, positively modulated Bax and HSP 70 proteins, consequently lowered ulcer areas. REPP supplementation positively modulated oxidative stress (increased SOD, CAT, PGE2, and reduced MDA) and inflammatory cytokines (decreased serum TNF-α, IL-6, and increased IL-10) levels. The outcomes could be scientific evidence to back-up the folkloric use of A. Judaica as a medicinal remedy for oxidative stress-related disorders (gastric ulcer).

Keywords: Acute toxicity; Antioxidant enzymes; Histology; Prangos pabularia; Stomach ulcer.