Dietary fat types consumption association with obesity and coronary indices

Abstract

This article aims to study the different dietary fat types associated with obesity and coronary indices. A sample of 491 healthy adults was included in a cross-sectional manner. Dietary fats intake, obesity indices (conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI)), and cardiovascular indices (cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)) were calculated and studied. Participants with an acceptable intake of omega-3 had a higher BRI score (1⋅90 ± 0⋅06 v. 1⋅70 ± 0⋅06). Participants with an unacceptable intake of cholesterol had a higher CI (1⋅31 ± 0⋅11 v. 1⋅28 ± 0⋅12; P = 0⋅011), AVI (20⋅24 ± 5⋅8 v. 18⋅33 ± 6⋅0; P < 0⋅001), BRI (2⋅00 ± 1⋅01 v. 1⋅70 ± 1⋅00; P = 0⋅003), WWI (11⋅00 ± 0⋅91 v. 10⋅80 ± 0⋅97; P = 0⋅032), and lower AIP (0⋅46 ± 0⋅33 v. 0⋅53 ± 0⋅33; P = 0⋅024). Total fat, saturated fat (SFA), and polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) intake had a significant moderate correlation with AVI and BRI. The monounsaturated fat (MUFA) intake had a significantly weak correlation with CI, AVI, BRI, WWI, and AIP. Cholesterol and omega-6 had weak correlations with all indices. Similar correlations were seen among male and female participants. The different types of fat intake significantly affected obesity and coronary indices, especially SFA and PUFA, as well as omega-3 and cholesterol. Gender and the dietary type of fat intake have a relationship to influence the indicators of both obesity and coronary indices.

Keywords: AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; AMDR, acceptable macronutrients distribution range; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; AVI, abdominal volume index; BAI, body adiposity index; BMI, body mass index; BRI, body roundness index; CI, conicity index; CMI, cardiometabolic index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; Chol, cholesterol; Cholesterol; Coronary indices; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LAP, lipid accumulation product; MUFA; MUFA, monounsaturated fat; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NCD, non-communicable disease; Obesity indices; PUFA; PUFA, polyunsaturated fat; SFA; SFA, saturated fat; SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; T2DM, type 2 diabetes; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio; WWI, weight-adjusted-waist index.