Morphological Reconstruction of a Critical-Sized Bone Defect in the Maxillofacial Region Using Modified Chitosan in Rats with Sub-Compensated Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Nadezhda N Patlataya; Igor N Bolshakov; Vladimir A Khorzhevskii; Anatoli A Levenets; Nadezhda N Medvedeva; Mariya A Cherkashina; Matvey M Nikolaenko; Ekaterina I Ryaboshapko; Anna E Dmitrienko

doi:10.3390/polym15214337

Morphological Reconstruction of a Critical-Sized Bone Defect in the Maxillofacial Region Using Modified Chitosan in Rats with Sub-Compensated Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Polymers (Basel). 2023 Nov 6;15(21):4337. doi: 10.3390/polym15214337.

Authors

Nadezhda N Patlataya¹, Igor N Bolshakov², Vladimir A Khorzhevskii³, Anatoli A Levenets⁴, Nadezhda N Medvedeva⁵, Mariya A Cherkashina⁶, Matvey M Nikolaenko⁷, Ekaterina I Ryaboshapko⁶, Anna E Dmitrienko⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Fundamental Medical Disciplines, Institute of Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, State Educational Institution of Higher Education, Moscow State Regional University, Moscow 105005, Russia.
² Department Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
³ Department Pathological Anatomy, Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Pathological and Anatomical Department Krasnoyarsk Clinical Regional Hospital, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
⁴ Department Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
⁵ Department of Human Anatomy, Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
⁶ Pediatric Faculty, Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
⁷ Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia.

Abstract

It is known that complexes based on natural polysaccharides are able to eliminate bone defects. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to low bone regeneration and a chronic inflammatory response. The purpose of this study was to increase the efficiency of early bone formation in a cavity of critical size in diabetes mellitus in the experiment. The polyelectrolyte complex contains high-molecular ascorbate of chitosan, chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, heparin, adgelon serum growth factor, sodium alginate and amorphous nanohydroxyapatite (CH-SA-HA). Studies were conducted on five groups of white female Wistar rats: group 1-regeneration of a bone defect in healthy animals under a blood clot; group 2-regeneration of a bone defect under a blood clot in animals with diabetes mellitus; group 3-bone regeneration in animals with diabetes mellitus after filling the bone cavity with a collagen sponge; group 4-filling of a bone defect with a CH-SA-HA construct in healthy animals; group 5-filling of a bone defect with a CH-SA-HA construct in animals with diabetes mellitus. Implantation of the CH-SA-HA construct into bone cavities in type I diabetic rats can accelerate the rate of bone tissue repair. The inclusion of modifying polysaccharides and apatite agents in the construction may be a prospect for further improvement of the properties of implants.

Keywords: critical-sized bone cavity; histomorphometric criteria; modified chitosan; morphological reconstruction; polyelectrolyte complex CH–SA–HA rats; type I diabetes mellitus.

Grants and funding

No. 1-2/1 of 10/23/2017 and No. 1-2/2 dated 10/23/2017/Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences"